Terms

Property of some slurries to decrease viscosity when agitated and regain thickness when still. Influences pipeline and tailings behaviour.

Vertical displacement across a fault plane. Important for structural interpretation and orebody offset evaluation.

Low-angle fault where older rocks are pushed over younger rocks due to compression. Can host structural traps and influence mineral systems.

Base metal used in soldering, plating and alloys. Main deposits include alluvial placers and tin–tungsten vein systems.

Total mass of material, typically expressed in tonnes. Key in resource estimation and production scheduling.

Unit equal to 1,000 kg. Standard mass unit in mining and geology.

Measurement combining mass transported and distance. Used in haulage cost calculations.

Uppermost soil layer rich in organic matter. Must be preserved for rehabilitation in mining operations.

Rotational force required to turn the drill string. High torque indicates friction, jamming or formation hardness.

Concentration of dissolved ions in water. Critical for water treatment, metallurgy and environmental compliance.

Underground mining using rubber-tyred mobile equipment instead of rail-bound systems. Common in modern operations.

Unwanted metallic objects entering crushers or mills, causing damage or downtime.