Terms

Resources that cannot be replenished on human time scales, such as minerals and fossil fuels.

Coordinate value in the north–south direction on mapping grids. Used in drillhole collar location and mine surveying.

Cutting a recess into rock for installing support elements like steel sets or timber sets.

Graph showing how NPV changes with commodity prices, grade, cut-off grade, discount rate or CAPEX. Used to test project sensitivity.

High short-range variability in grade values that impacts variography and resource estimation accuracy.

Funding through vehicles or structures not recorded directly on the company’s balance sheet. Used to reduce apparent leverage.

Long-term contract where a buyer agrees to purchase a portion of a mine’s production, providing revenue certainty for development financing.

Facility used to produce oxygen for metallurgical processes such as smelting, leaching, and gasification. Oxygen enrichment increases process efficiency.

Strong oxidising gas (O₃) used in water treatment and certain metallurgical processes.

Reduction of the ozone layer due to chemical pollutants. A factor in environmental standards and mine permitting.

Industrial unit designed to generate ozone for oxidation, disinfection or remediation applications in mining water circuits.

A company hired to perform mining operations such as drilling, blasting, load-and-haul or underground development.